Resumo
O objetivo do artigo é identificar as características sócio-filosóficas que influenciam a formação de atitudes subjectivas. A dimensão social da dimensão humana abrange quase todas as questões problemáticas do espaço sócio-cultural moderno e dá-lhes características orientadas para a prática. As tarefas da investigação científica centram-se na diferenciação da dimensionalidade humana e do subjetivismo, com o objetivo de clarificar a compreensão das orientações utilizadas pelo conjunto de conhecimentos científicos e sociais para caraterizar o potencial individual de uma pessoa. A metodologia de investigação baseia-se na utilização de princípios metodológicos científicos gerais de tipo racionalista e empírico. A análise é um aspeto metodológico fundamental para evidenciar as características das atitudes subjectivas. A novidade científica do estudo consiste em repensar o posicionamento de uma pessoa e a sua perceção e compreensão do mundo das coisas e do mundo das ideias no contexto do desenvolvimento sociocultural moderno. As perspectivas de investigação científica sobre a interpretação sócio-filosófica do subjetivismo centram-se no paradigma sinérgico da relação objeto-sujeito e na necessidade de manter um equilíbrio entre estas entidades existenciais. Assim, as atitudes subjectivas são uma questão importante para as ciências sociais, uma vez que tais atitudes moldam a dimensão humana da sociedade moderna, regulando os princípios do seu desenvolvimento. O pluralismo de opiniões proporcionado pelo subjetivismo é uma fonte de desenvolvimento à escala civilizacional.
Referências
ABBOTT, O. An overview of relational sociology. In The Self, Relational Sociology, and Morality in Practice, 2020, p. 11-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31822-2_2 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
AEENI, Z.; MOTEVASELI, M.; SAKHDARI, K.; MOBINI DEHKORDI, A. Radical Subjectivism as the Epistemological Foundation of Novel Entrepreneurial Action. Economics Research, v. 20, n. 76, 2020, p. 223-251. https://doi.org/10.22054/joer.2020.11905 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
ASARNOW, S. From Valuing to Value: A Defense of Subjectivism. The Philosophical Review, v. 128, n. 2, 2019, p. 246-249. https://doi.org/10.1215/00318108-7375036 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
ATTA-ASIEDU, K. A. A brief comparative analysis of positivism and subjectivism as philosophical approaches to research. SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4131434 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
BARRETT, J. Subjectivism and Degrees of Well-Being. Utilitas, v. 34, n. 1, 2022, p. 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0953820821000261 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
BEDKE, M. Practical Oomph: A Case for Subjectivism. The Philosophical Quarterly, v. 69, n. 277, 2019, p. 657-677. https://doi.org/10.1093/pq/pqz024 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
BLANKENSHIP, K.; KANE, K.; MACHACEK, M. Values and attitude certainty: The case for attitude clarity and correctness. Frontiers in Psychology, v. 13, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.975864 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
BYERLY, T. R. Epistemic Subjectivism in the Theory of Character. Thought: A Journal of Philosophy, v. 8, 2019, p. 278-285. https://doi.org/10.1002/tht3.433 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
COCOZZA, A. Reason and Rationality in Sociological Thinking: Interpreting Human Action as a Problem. In: Valsiner, J. (org.). The Unexpected in Action. Theory and History in the Human and Social Sciences. Springer, Cham, 2023, p 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26793-2_1 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
DE CANSON, C. Why Subjectivism? Philsci-archive, 2022. https://philpapers.org/archive/CANWS.pdf Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
EUSEPI, G. From subjectivism to constitutionalism: the intellectual journey of James M. Buchanan through his Italian heroes. Public Choice, v. 183, n. 3-4, 2020, p. 273-285. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-020-00806 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
GOLDMAN, A. H. Desire versus judgment subjectivism about welfare: A reassessment. Philosophical Psychology, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089.2022.2083592 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
GRIGOLEIT, H. C. Subjectivism, Objectivism and Intuitionism in Legal Reasoning – Avoiding the Pseudos. SSRN Electronic Journal. 2021. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3937917 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
HAMLIN, A. Subjectivism and Constitutionalism. Homo Oecon, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41412-022-00132-9 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
JIAN, J. Misinformation, subjectivism, and the rational criticizability of desire. Philosophical Studies, v. 178, 2021, p. 845-866. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-020-01462-7 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
KELLEY, A. B. The Welfare-Nihilist Arguments against Judgment Subjectivism. Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy, v. 19, n. 3, 2021. https://doi.org/10.26556/jesp.v19i3.886 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
KOSTENKO, L.; RUDA, O.; SOFILKANYCH, M.; BOKSHAN, A. Distance learning as an integrative response to contemporary challenges. Futurity Education, v. 3, n. 1, 2023, p. 151-164. https://doi.org/10.57125/FED/2022.10.11.12 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
LEMAIRE, S. Subjectivism without Idealization and Adaptive Preferences. Utilitas, v. 33, n. 1, 2021, p. 85-100. https://doi.org/10.1017/S095382082000031X Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
LIANG, T.; YOON, S. The Effect of Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility (PCSR) on Subjective Well-Being. Sustainability, v. 15, 2023, p. 7497. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15097497 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
LIN, E. Future Desires, the Agony Argument, and Subjectivism about Reasons. The Philosophical Review, v. 129, n. 1, 2020, p. 95-130. https://doi.org/10.1215/00318108-7890481 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
LIU, M. T.; LIU, Y.; MO, Z. Moral norm is the key: An extension of the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) on Chinese consumers' green purchase intention. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, v. 32, n. 8, 2020, p. 1823-1841. https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-05-2019-0285 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
MORSKA, N.; O. DAVYDOVA, N. Philosophy and the future of human rights: peculiarities of the relationship between recent science and technology. Futurity Economics&Law, v. 1, n. 3, 2021, p. 16-25. https://doi.org/10.57125/FEL.2021.09.25.02 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
NEROSLAVSKY, I. Reducing Subjectivism in Solving Project Management Problems. Current Aspects in Business, Economics and Finance, v. 10, 2023, p. 1-10. https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cabef/v10/4522E Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
OLEKSIIENKO, A.; KOTENDZHY, L.; KYRYLLOVA, Y.; KAMINSKYY, V.; VIESOVA, O. An analysis of the digital university phenomenon: dilemmas, new opportunities. Futurity Education, v. 2, n. 4, 2022, p. 18–25. https://doi.org/10.57125/FED.2022.25.12.02 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
OMELCHENKO, M. Communicative attitudes as a factor of subjective well-being of the individual. Humanitarian studios: pedagogics, psychology, philosophy, v. 12, 2021, p. 49-54. https://doi.org/10.31548/hspedagog2021.03.049 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
PAWLUCH, D. On the Unbearable Lightness of Being a Constructionist. The American Sociologist, v. 50, 2019, p. 204-219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12108-019-9416-6 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
PUEYO-IBÁÑEZ, P. Moral Inquiry Beyond Objectivism and Subjectivism. The Journal of Speculative Philosophy, v. 35, n. 2, 2021, p. 165-175. https://doi.org/10.5325/jspecphil.35.2.0165 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
RABB, N.; HAN, A.; NEBEKER, L.; WINNER, E. Expressivist to the core: Metaaesthetic subjectivism is stable and robust. New Ideas in Psychology, v. 57, 2020, p. 100760. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2019.100760 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
RAK-MŁYNARSKA, E. Analysis of trends in the development of the educational environment: education of the future. Futurity Education, v. 2, n. 2, 2022, p. 4-13. https://doi.org/10.57125/FED/2022.10.11.24 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
SANAKUIEV, M. The Value of Knowledge in the Age of Globalization Challenges: Philosophical and Intellectual Context. Futurity Philosophy, v. 1, n. 2, 2022, p. 42-54. https://doi.org/10.57125/Phil.2022.06.30.04 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
SANTOS ALEXANDRE, R. Over the ruins of subjects: A critique of subjectivism in anthropological discourse. Anthropological Theory, 2022, p. 146349962211280. https://doi.org/10.1177/14634996221128079 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
SHAPIRO, L. Global expressivism as global subjectivism. Philosophical Studies, v. 179, 2022., p. 777-799. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11098-021-01694-1 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
SHEMMER, Y. Subjectivism about Future Reasons or The Guise of Caring. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, v. 101, n. 3, 2019, p. 630-648. https://doi.org/10.1111/phpr.12614 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
TANG, J.; REN, H.; FOLMER, H. Subjective wellbeing as valuation system of environmental quality: an environmental social sciences approach. In: TANG, J. (org.). Handbook on Wellbeing, Happiness and the Environment. 2020, p. 85-103. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788119344.00012 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
THONGPAIBOOL, T.; HALBERSTADT, J. Too Much Information! The Interplay of Argument Quality and Subjective Difficulty in Attitude Judgment. Social Cognition, v. 40, n. 5, 2022, p. 485-502. https://doi.org/10.1521/soco.2022.40.5.485 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
TORNIKOSKI, E.; MAALAOUI, A. Critical reflections – The Theory of Planned Behaviour: An interview with Icek Ajzen with implications for entrepreneurship research. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, v. 37, n. 5, 2019, p. 536-550. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242619829681 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
TSEKHMISTER, Y. Education of the future: from post-war reconstruction to EU membership (Ukrainian case study). Futurity Education, v. 2, n. 2, 2022, p. 42-52. https://doi.org/10.57125/FED/2022.10.11.28 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
VAN DER DEIJL, W.; BROUWER, H. Can Subjectivism Account for Degrees of Wellbeing? Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, v. 24, n. 3, 2021, p. 767-788. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10677-021-10195-3 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
YATSENKO, N. The philosophical content of the definition of the national mentality. Futurity Philosophy, v. 1, n. 1, 2022, p. 41-56. https://doi.org/10.57125/Phil.2022.03.30.04 Accessed on: 15 aug. 2023
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2023 Synesis (ISSN 1984-6754)