THE IMAGE OF SCIENCE IN A SOCIALLY TURBULENT SOCIETY

Resumo

The article is devoted to the analysis of the recent history of the philosophical justification of the public image of science in the philosophy of science – from the end of the 20th century to the current socially turbulent society. In this period, in various versions, scientists reflected on the epochal break in science: there were created the concepts of post-normal science, post-academic science, post-non-classical science, the concept of the triple spiral, the concept of technoscience, etc. This change of epoch was connected with the open exit of science into the public sphere and, in particular, into the sphere of politics as an active social and political actor. Along with preserving the priority importance of the role of natural science as a fundamental science, social sciences are increasingly coming to the forefront: they play an active role in promoting the interests of science in society. Three main models of active interaction between science and society are presented: the deficit model, the dialogue model, and the participation model. The important role of the media in shaping the public image of science, in the affirmation of ideas about scientific integrity and in the promoting the eradication of deformations of scientific knowledge is also emphasized – from highlighting the poor academic style to exposing the fabrication of scientific results. However, the definition of scientific integrity as one of the key characteristics of the public image of modern science should be carried out not by the media, not by the judicial system, not by political decisions, but by the expert assessment of the scientists themselves.