Palavras-chave
Blockchain technology
Fiat currencies
Digital financial assets
Means of payment
Como Citar
Resumo
Nos últimos 15 anos, as moedas criptográficas encontraram seu lugar na vida cotidiana de muitas pessoas devido às suas propriedades únicas. Entretanto, elas não foram legitimadas a nível estadual em todos os países. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a experiência internacional de regulamentação de moedas criptográficas para introduzi-las nos sistemas financeiros. Usando os métodos de análise documental e pesquisa de especialistas, os autores do artigo explicam a natureza da moeda criptográfica, as razões de seu surgimento e a possibilidade de sua regulamentação. Com base na experiência internacional, os autores determinam os principais modelos de regulamentação das moedas criptográficas pela legislação nacional. Os autores provam que um número significativo de pessoas prefere utilizar moedas criptográficas como meio de pagamento e ativos financeiros digitais em vez do dinheiro tradicional (fiat). O uso de moedas criptográficas representa um problema na implementação da política financeira do Estado. Isto é condicionado por metas e objetivos conflitantes da política estatal, o que não permite reconhecer as moedas criptográficas como unidades monetárias de conta e meios de pagamentos interestaduais. O artigo se debruça sobre a possibilidade de resolver estas contradições, uma vez que isto terá que ser feito no futuro. A principal tendência na regulamentação das moedas criptográficas é uma abordagem em que sua proibição é um mecanismo ineficaz e até mesmo socialmente perigoso. A este respeito, é necessário desenvolver moedas estatais estáveis como uma alternativa às moedas criptográficas privadas.
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